Introduction

Crude oils are organic in nature and made up of combinations of carbon and hydrogen with some amounts of sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen and traces of vanadium, nickel and other metals. The compounds of carbon and hydrogen are complex but are principally paraffinic, naphthenic and aromatic. Crude oil consists of thousands of compounds, its complexity increasing with the boiling range of the oil.

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Gasoline

Gasoline is a volatile mixture of liquid hydrocarbons derived from the fractional distillation of crude petroleum and from complex processes. Generally containing small amounts of additives, it is suitable for use as a fuel in spark-ignition internal combustion engines.

In recent years, there has been an ever-growing body of governmental regulations to address concerns about the environment. Initially, the majority of the regulations was aimed at the automobile and has resulted in technologies that have significantly reduced vehicle emissions. Regulations have also been aimed at compositional changes to the fuels. The first major change in composition was the introduction of unleaded gasoline, followed by the total phase-out of leaded gasoline in the country with the ratification of the Philippine Clean Air Act.

PTTPC's Unleaded 93R and Premium Plus 95R motor gasoline products conform to the chemical and physical requirements specified by the latest version of the Philippine National Standard and Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999. The significant properties are the aromatics and benzene contents of the gasoline, which is below the maximum allowable limit of 35% and 2%, respectively.

Significant properties are as follows:

Property Plus 95R	Unleaded 93R	Premium
Color	Green	Blue
Research Octane Number (RON)	93 minimum	95 minimum
Anti-Knock Index (AKI)	87.5 minimum	87.5 minimum
Aromatics	35% by volume, max	35% by volume, max
Benzene	2% by volume, max	2% by volume, max
Vapor Pressure at 37.8 ºC	62 kPa, max	62 kPa, max.
		With anti-valve seat recession and deposit control additives

Premium Plus Unleaded Gasoline Product Specifications
Unleaded Gasoline Product Specifications

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Diesel Fuels

Diesel is the portion of the crude oil that distills out within the temperature range of approximately 200 ºC to 370 ºC, which is higher than the boiling range of gasoline. Diesel, also known as distillates, may contain small amounts of hydrocarbon or non-hydrocarbon additives to improve diesel fuel performance such as ignition qualities and other characteristics suitable for compression ignition engines.

In contrast to motor gasoline, which is ignited by an electrical spark, diesel fuel is ignited in an internal combustion engine by the heat of air under high compression. Because of the mode of ignition, a high cetane number is required in a good diesel fuel.

The quality of diesel has improved as a result of the Clean Air law. Significant improvement in the maximum allowable sulfur content has been implemented, from 0.50% prior to the enactment of the law, down to the present level of 0.05% for automotive diesel fuel.

PTTPC's diesel fuel meets the chemical and physical characteristics as required by the Philippine National Standard. Significant properties are:

Property	Diesel Fuel
Color	ASTM 2.0 maximum
Cetane Number	50 minimum
Sulfur	0.05% maximum
Lubricity (HFRR), wear scar dia. @ 60 ºC	460 micron maximum

Diesel 0.05% Sulfur Product Specifications

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Kerosene supplied by PTTPC meets the specifications as required by the Philippine National Standard. Kerosene is obtained by the fractional distillation of crude between approximately 149 ºC and 302 ºC. Kerosene is a relatively colorless light distillate, which is heavier than gasoline. It is used primarily for lighting and heating but could also serve as fuel for some internal combustion engines. Kerosene has also it share of application in the solvent and paint industries.

Property	Kerosene
Appearance	Clear
Color	+16 Saybolt, minimum
Char Value	20 mg/kg maximum
Smoke Point	20 mm minimum

Kerosene Product Specifications

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Jet fuel quality worldwide is dictated by the British Ministry of Defense (DERD) specifications and those of the airlines, engine manufacturers and industry groups such as ASTM and the International Air Transport Association (IATA). Defense Standard (DEF STAN) 91-91 and ASTM D1655 specify the requirements and standard specifications for aviation turbine fuels intended for use in aircraft gas turbine engines.

Military jet fuel is dictated largely by the US Department of Defense (US MIL) specifications and corresponding DERD specifications. Most international airlines have adopted the IATA Guidance Material for their jet fuel specification requirements.

For jointly operated systems in which fuel from a number of suppliers is commingled, this led to the development of the Aviation Fuel Quality Requirements for Jointly Operated Systems (AFQRJOS). This standard represents the most stringent requirements of the DEF STAN 91-91 and ASTM D1655.

PTTPC's jet fuel meets the requirements set forth in the DEF STAN 91-91 and ASTM D1655 standard specification for Jet A-1. Strict quality assurance measures are implemented as a standard to ensure satisfactory compliance to all jet fuel standards.

PTT Philippines Corporation (PTTPC) provides supply and into-plane services in Subic and bulk of our customers are the major airlines.

Significant properties are as follows:

	METHOD (ASTM)	SPECS LIMITS
APPREARANCE	Visual	Clear & Bright
COLOUR, SAYBOLT	D 156
COMPOSITION:
DOCTOR TEST	D 4952	Negative
MERCAPTAN SULPHUR %	D 3227	0.0030 MAX
SULPHUR TOTAL, % MASS	D 4294	0.30 MAX
AROMATICS, VOL,%	D 1319	25.0 MAX
TOTAL ACIDITY,mg KOH/g	D 3242	0.015 MAX

Jet A-1 Product Specifications

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Fuel Oils, also known as Bunker C Fuel Oil, Heavy Fuel Oil or Residual Fuel Oil, are composed, wholly or in part, of undistilled petroleum fractions from crude distillation or other refinery operations. It may be a blend of residuals and distillates of petroleum origin.

Property	Fuel Oil
Viscosity @ 50 ºC	180 - 230cst
Sulfur	3.0% maximum

Fuel Oil Product Specifications

Special fuel oil blends can also be made available to meet definite specifications in order to assure suitability for its intended purpose.

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The quality of LPG to be supplied shall meet the specification as follows:

PTT Philippines Corporation is entertaining orders for bulk supply of LPG. Interested parties may contact the PTTPC office for details.

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PTT PERFORMA SYNTHETIC (API SM): The ultimate performance fully synthetic lubricant for gasoline passenger cars with multi-grade SAE 5W-40 that exceeds API SM/CF standard. Due to the latest technology and high quality of blended additive, PTT Performa Synthetic (API SM) will reach you to the unlimited drivability and maximum engine protection till you can feel it.

Benefit

• Provides easy starting and protects your engine from starting wear.

• Provides unlimited drivability and lubricity.

• Protects your engine and minimizes wear, especially for valve train in multi- valve engines.

• Refreshes your car till you can feel that it is always like brand-new.

• Prevents oil sludge and plugging of oil filter.

• Reduces fuel consumption by 5-8 % and extends oil drain interval by two times compared to a conventional lubricant.

• Minimizes oil evaporative loss and lubricant top up.

Application

• Suitable for new model, high performance gasoline engine including imported cars.

A multi-grade fully synthetic lubricant that meets the highest quality standard API-SL/CF. Blended with a special substance, liquid Molybdenum. It helps reduce friction, provides lubricating quality and prevents wear.

Benefit

• Fast lubricity while starting engine.

• Extends service life.

• Environment-friendly.

• Improves fuel economy by 3-5%.

Application

• Suitable for new model, high performance gasoline engine including imported cars with carburator and electronic injection systems. Also efficient with the diesel engine of pick-up and personal vehicles.

A multi-grade semi-synthetic lubricant that meets the highest quality standard API-SL/CF, produced from high quality semi synthetic base oil blended with special additives.

Benefit

• Provides smooth starts and saves on fuel consumption.

• Provides superior thermal oxidation stability suitable to use in all driving conditions, especially in heavy traffic.

• More engine cleanliness.

• Improved emissions system protection.

• Extends engine life and oil drain interval.

• Provides superb wear protection.

Application

• Suitable for every type of gasoline engine, especially multi-valve, turbocharger and inter-cooler. May also be used with diesel engine and pick-up.

A multi-grade lubricant for gasoline engine manufactured from high quality base oil blended with a modern-technology additive which meets the standard of API SL/CF.

Benefit

• Outstanding in the prevention of wear and sludge.

• Helps clean engine.

• Performs well under all conditions.

Application

• Suitable for high performance gasoline engine and diesel engine of pickup and personal vehicles.

PTT Diesel Engine Oil

Single grade diesel engine oils, SAE 30, 40 and 50, with API/CF quality standard that helps increase lubricity and saves maintenance expenditure.

Benefit

• Help increase lubricity and save on maintenance expenditure.

• Anti-wear.

• Reduce engine oil consumption and prevent wet deposit.

Application

• Suitable for indirect injection (IDI) engine, heavy duty diesel engine and vehicles with turbocharger or turbo inter-cooler using low quality fuel.
  

A single grade diesel engine oil, SAE 40, with API CC/SD, MIL-L-2104B quality standard that has detergent and dispersal properties.

Benefit

• Anti-rust and anti-wear; also extends engine service life

• Hinders sediment and sludge formation.

Application

• Suitable for moderate-duty diesel engine such as personal car, small-size truck, pick-up, forklift, lifter, dump truck and various sizes of electricity generator.

A diesel engine oil, SAE 40, which meets the standard of API CC/SC.

Benefit

• Keeps engine clean and prevents wear.

Application

• Suitable for small diesel engine or low-duty engine such as small agricultural machinery, e.g., electric saw, pump, E-Tan cars.

Manufactured from high quality Mineral Base oil for flushing engines or equipment when changing lubes.

Benefit

• Has low viscosity index which help flush dirtiness in the engine

Application

• Suitable for cleaning general vehicle as well as industrial machines.

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It is a premium lubricant for 2-stroke motorcycles blended with a Super-Detergent that greatly reduces white smoke, thereby making it a leading product in the market. Moreover, it meets ISO EGD, the highest standard at present, as well as JASO FC and TISI 1040-2541. It also has a favorable aroma.

Benefit

• Outstanding in the prevention of exhaust port blocking.

• Keeps engine clean as well as reduces white smoke.

Application

• Suitable for high performance 2-stroke high engine as well as for all types of motorcycles including family and sport motorcycles.

It is a lubricant for 2-stroke motorcycles that reduces white smoke and meets the highest standard of JASO FC and TISI 1040-2541.

Benefit

• Helps in making complete burn and consequently reduces white smoke.

• Increases lubricity and keeps engine clean.

• Prevents ring sticking, spark plug fouling and exhaust port blocking.

Application

• Suitable for all kinds of 2-stroke motorcycles, whether for family use or for sport, also for 2-stroke engines, e.g., lawn mowers, small power generators and chain saws.

It is a multi-grade lubricant with APSG/CC quality for 4-stroke motorcycles, which passed clutch slip test and LVFA SAE#2 Friction Machine.

Benefit

• Outstanding in lubricity and engine protection in every situation.

• Provides heat resistance and ease in engine starting and keeps engine clean.

• Protects clutch and gear system, helps in changing gear gently.

Application

• It is outstanding in lubricity and in clutch and gear system protection for leading 4-stroke motorcycles, e.g., Yamaha, Kawasaki and Suzuki.

PTT MAX SPEED 4T: Monograde 4-stroke motorcycle engine oil, SAE 40, which exceeds the performance level of API SF, produced from a high quality base oil and a special additive.

Benefit

• Provides good lubrication and engine cleanliness.

• Provides good wear protection on engine and gearboxes.

• Extends engine life.

Application

• Recommended for lubricating engine, clutch and gearboxes of general 4-stroke motorcycles.

PTT 4T CHALLENGER: Multigrade four-stroke motorcycle engine oil, SAE 10W-40, which exceeds the performance level of API SG and JASO MA, produced from a high quality base oil balance blend with a synthetic base and special additives. Passed Clutch Slip Test on LVFA SAE #2 Friction Machine. Filed based on the Motorcycle Four Cycle Gasoline Engine Oil Performance Classification (JASO T 903).

Benefit

• Provides superior thermal oxidation stability.

• Provides engine cleanliness.

• Provides excellent engine and gear lubrication.

• Provides excellent wear protection.

• Extends engine life and drain interval.

• Gives off a good aroma.

Application

• Recommended for lubricating engine and gearbox of 4-stroke motorcycles, such as HONDA, YAMAHA, Kawasaki, Suzuki

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PTT Gear Oil EP 150, 220, 320, 460 are extreme pressure (EP) industrial gear oils produced from a high quality paraffinic base oil which exhibits high performance and long service life. PTT Gear Oil EP 150, 220, 320, 460 contain selected lead-free extreme pressure and anti-oxidation additives.

Benefit

• Can be used at high pressure, provide anti-wear and anti-corrosion properties.

• Prevents oxidation reaction and can be used at high temperature.

Application

• Used for lubrication of industrial gear drives in general and high load gear systems.

• Suitable for both circulating and splash lubricating systems.

Hydraulic 32, 37, 46, 68, 100 are anti-wear type hydraulic oils produced from a high quality paraffinic base oil and contain anti-wear and anti-oxidation additives. PTT Hydraulic 32, 37, 46, 68, 100 can provide long service life.

Benefit

• Ensure maximum protection from wear, corrosion, foaming and compatible with rubber seals.

• Protect against foaming and oxidation reaction and enhance thermal stability.

Application

• Suitable for use in power and control transmission systems.

• Can be used in both industrial and automotive hydraulic systems.

• Recommended for general hydraulic applications requiring anti-wear type oil.

• Should not be mixed with oil containing detergent additive.

PTT Compressor Oil 46, 68, 100, 150 are high performance petroleum-based compressor oils produced from high quality base oils with special ashless and anti-oxidant, anti-wear additives.

Benefit

• Provide high thermal and oxidation stability and good water separability.

• Prolong oil drain intervals and oil separator life.

Application

• Can be used in air compressors where the manufacturers specify DIN 51506 VDL oils.

• Suitable for the lubrication of general types of air compressors where the manufacturers specify oils containing oxidation and rust inhibitors.

A high quality lubricant for compressor produced from a naphthenic base oil, which is excellent in preventing oxidation.

Benefit

• N/A

Application

• Suitable for refrigeration compressors using ammonia and freon R 12 and R 22 as cooling agent, but not recommended for R134A. It is designed for use for both cylinder and bearing lubrications in all refrigeration compressors.

PTT Terbin 46, 68, 100 are turbine and general purpose oils produced from a high quality base oil and selected additives. PTT Terbin 46, 68, 100 are suitable for all types of turbines and general lubricating systems.

Benefit

• Provide oxidation stability and long service life.

• Give complete protection against corrosion and rust of metal surface.

• Are stable in heat and humidity.

• Minimize sludge formation and filter blocking.

Application

• Suitable for use in steam, water and general industrial gas turbines.

• Can be used in hydraulic control, gear and general transmission systems

• Can be used as rust and oxidation inhibited (R&O) oil.

PTT Circular 32, 46, 68, 100, 150 are multipurpose and circulating oils produced from a high quality paraffinic base oil that provides good oxidation stability. PTT Circular 32, 46, 68, 100, 150 are suitable for lubrication systems.

Benefit

• Good oxidation stability ensures long service life.

• Compatible with rubber seals without reaction and provide good water separation characteristics.

• Provide resistance to deposit formation.

Application

• Suitable for use in circulating lubrication systems.

• Designed for use in a wide range of industrial machinery operating under low to medium temperature.

• Can be used to lubricate bearings, blowers, pumps, machine tools and industrial spindles.

• Can be used in a variety of industrial applications where EP or anti-wear properties are not required.

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PTT SEATECH 6000: Premium quality, SAE 15W-40 and 20W-50, multi-grade diesel engine oil specifically developed for diesel engines in fishing vessels. Exceeds API CH-4 performance.

Benefit

• Provides best lubrication and prevents wear, corrosion and rust.

• Provides cleanliness with detergent added for better cleansing and soot-dispersing.

• Provides strong and stable oil film and prevents sludge in oil.

• Passes the standard test followed by OEMs.

• Enhances fuel economy and prolongs engine life.

Application

• Suitable for fishing vessels that use high-speed diesel fuel under normal or severe conditions.

• Well suitable for diesel engine recommended to use high quality multi-grade engine oil, including heavy duty turbocharged engine.

• Also well suitable for all small fishing vessels' engines.

• Remark: For PTT Seatech 6000 application, please consult the engine operation manual. In case of old engines with apparent engine oil consumption, SAE 20W-50 viscosity grade is recommended.

This premium multi-grade diesel engine oil with SAE 15W-40 and 20W-50 is formulated for fishing boats.

Benefit

• Provides best lubrication and prevents wear and corrosion.

• Keeps engine clean, extends service life and reduces fuel consumption.

Application

• Suitable for fishing boats powered by diesel engine using high- speed diesel as fuel under general or heavy duty classifications. Also for diesel engine required to use premium grade lubrication. Also efficient for diesel engine with turbocharger and for common fishing boats.

Single grade diesel engine oil with SAE 40, meets API CE standard, developed especially for fishing boats for general or heavy duty uses.

Benefit

• Specially blended with super detergent suitable to use in the sea.

• Superbly prevents wear and corrosion.

• Additional amount of detergent keeps engine clean.

Application

• Suitable for fishing boats powered by diesel engine using high speed diesel as fuel under both general and heavy duty classifications, which require fuel that meets the standard of API CE or lower.

Single grade diesel engine oil with SAE 15W, meets API CF standard, developed especially for diesel engine fishing boats.

Benefit

• Keeps engine clean and superbly prevents sludge formation.

Application

• Suitable for fishing boats powered by diesel engine using high speed diesel as fuel under both general and heavy duty classifications, which require fuel that meets the standard of API CF or lower.

PTT SEATECH 2000: The monograde diesel engine oil, SAE 40, that exceeds the performance level of API CC/SD, especially designed to lubricate small diesel engines in marine service.

Benefit

• High quality detergent property for better engine cleanliness.

• Prevents wear at bearing and valve train.

Application

• Suitable for fishing vessels that use high speed diesel fuel under normal conditions

• Recommended for normally aspirated diesel engines such as generator sets

PTT LINAR 4000: marine engine oil with special additives and alkalinity level of 40TBN, developed for the most severe service main propulsion and auxiliary marine trunk piston engines.

Benefit

• Best resistance to wear and corrosion in piston ring and cylinder liner and reduces maintenance cost.

• Provides high detergent and dispersing performance and maintains engine cleanliness.

• Outstanding thermal and oxidation stability under severe operating conditions.

• Excellent water separating properties and base number retention.

Application

• Recommended for use in medium speed diesel engine burning residual fuels in severe service, such as marine trunk piston engines, electric generator and the like. Also suitable for engine that uses high sulfur diesel fuels. Suitable TBN should be followed by recommendation from engine manufacturer.

PTT LINAR 3000: marine engine oil with special additives and alkalinity level of 30TBN, developed for the most severe service main propulsion and auxiliary marine trunk piston engines.

Benefit

• Best resistance to wear and corrosion in piston ring and cylinder liner and reduces maintenance cost.

• Provides high detergent and dispersing performance and maintains engine cleanliness.

• Outstanding thermal and oxidation stability under severe operating conditions.

• Excellent water separating properties and base number retention.

Application

• Recommended for use in medium speed diesel engine burning residual fuels in severe service, such as marine trunk piston engines, electric generator and the like. Also suitable for engine that uses high sulfur diesel fuels.

PTT LINAR 1000: marine engine oil with special additives and alkalinity level of 12TBN, developed for the most severe service marine trunk piston engines and stationary power generation.

Benefit

• Best resistance to wear and corrosion in the piston ring and cylinder liner and reduces maintenance cost.

• Provides high efficiency in deposit control and soot-dispersing and maintains engine cleanliness.

• Outstanding thermal and oxidation stability under severe operating conditions.

• Excellent water separating properties and base number retention.

Application

• Recommended for use in medium speed diesel engine of trunk piston engine type burning marine diesel oils. Also suitable as system oil for slow speed diesel engine in some crosshead engines recommended by engine manufacturer to use higher base number engine oil.

PTT LINAR 600: marine engine system oil with special additives and alkalinity level of 6TBN, developed for the lubrication in marine diesel engines that have medium or large cylinders.

Benefit

• Best resistance to wear and corrosion from acid.

• Good detergent and dispersing performance.

• High thermal and oxidation stability and rust prevention.

• Excellent water separating properties.

Application

• Suitable for using in bearing lubrication in crankcase of slow speed diesel engine, such as crosshead engines, and in other parts like gear and compressor, as recommended by engine manufacturer.

PTT Cylingard 50 is a premium quality cylinder lubricant blended with high quality additive, which has a total base number (TBN) of 50 and 70, designed for use in a wide variety of marine diesel engines.

Benefit

• Provides superb cleanliness of piston and cylinder wall with minimized deposits, as well as complete combustion, which reduces maintenance cost.

• Protects against corrosion and wear of piston ring and cylinder liner by neutralizing acidic by-products from the combustion of high sulfur residual fuels.

• Minimizes friction between rings and liner and forms effective seal to minimize blow-by.

Application

• Recommended for cylinder lubrication of slow speed diesel engines, such as crosshead marine diesel engines and stationary diesel engines burning high sulfur fuels with the engine lubrication system lubrication system, and requires 50 TBN

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A high-quality grease made from lithium soap, PTT EP Grease is blended with extreme pressure additives, resulting in high pressure withstand. It is suitable for heavy-duty machines. It is produced in compliance with the international standard NLGI (National Lubricating Grease Institute) of U.S.A.

Benefit

• N/A

Application

• It is suitable for automotive and general industrial lubrication with high load such as roller bearing, ball joint, universal joint, drive shaft, water pump bearing, front hanger outboard bushing and wheel spindle. Also for lubrication fitting of machinery and various type of ball bearing used in industry.

This high quality multi-purpose grease made from lithium soap is thermal and water resistance. It is produced in compliance with the international standard NLGI (National Lubricating Grease Institute).

Benefit

• Yields magnificent properties in terms of anti-rust, corrosion prevention and resistance to extreme pressure. It is not quickly deteriorated when oxidated. It can maintain thick substance and complete lubricity.

Application

• Suitable for lubricating motor vehicle and industrial work such as wheel bearing, shaft joint, ball joint, cross, central shaft and water pump bearing, including various kinds of bearing operating under heavy duty, high speed and high temperature, e.g., bearing used in industrial work.

It is the lubricating grease for the suspension system of vehicles produced from calcium soap blended with a special additive which helps increase holding reinforcement. It is produced in compliance with the international standard NLGI (National Lubricating Grease Institute) of U.S.A.

Benefit

• Outstandingly water resistant but is not heat resistant. Besides, the additive in PTT Chassis Grease helps increase holding reinforcement. It is resistant to water wash out and is able to prevent dust from entering into the engine parts lubricated by the grease.

Application

• Used for lubricating chassis, suspension system of vehicle, also for agricultural machinery such as ball joint, coil springs, leaf spring hinger and other parts with low temperature.

PTT LI-PLEX Grease is a high quality grease produced from Lithium complex soap and antirust and anti-corrosion additive package.

Benefit

• Good thermal stability with high dropping point.

• Provides superb rust and corrosion protection.

• Prevents dust and dirt from reaching into the moving parts.

• Protects against wear under high load.

Application

• Recommended for using in heavy duty m